In today's rapidly developing electronic technology, the pace of electronic product updates and replacements is becoming increasingly fast. This not only brings convenience to our technological life, but also generates a large amount of electronic waste, among which PCB boards (printed circuit boards) and integrated circuits are important components of electronic waste. How to effectively recycle and process them has become an important issue in today's environmental protection field. PCB boards, as the supporting bodies of electronic components and providers of electrical connections, are widely used in various electronic products. Integrated circuits integrate a large number of transistors, resistors, capacitors, and other components into a small semiconductor chip, serving as the core "brain" of electronic products. However, when these electronic products reach the end of their lifespan or are discarded due to damage, PCB boards and integrated circuits, if disposed of indiscriminately, will cause serious harm to the environment. From an environmental perspective, PCB boards and integrated circuits contain various heavy metals, such as lead, mercury, and cadmium. Once these heavy metals enter the soil and water sources, they will enter the human body through the enrichment of the food chain, posing a potential threat to human health. In addition, some organic compounds in them are difficult to degrade in the natural environment, persisting for a long time and damaging the ecological balance. However, from another perspective, PCB boards and integrated circuits are also a "urban mine". PCB boards contain various metals, such as copper, aluminum, and iron, while integrated circuits contain precious metals like gold, silver, and palladium. Recycling and processing them not only reduces environmental pollution but also realizes the reuse of resources, with significant economic value. At present, the common recycling and processing methods for PCB boards and integrated circuits mainly include physical methods and chemical methods. Physical methods include disassembling, crushing, and sorting steps. Through manual or mechanical disassembling, PCB boards and integrated circuits are separated from electronic waste; then they are crushed to fully expose various components; finally, by taking advantage of differences in physical properties, such as density and magnetism, various materials are separated through gravity sorting and magnetic separation. This method is relatively simple and causes less environmental pollution, but the recycling efficiency is relatively low, and it is difficult to completely separate all useful components. Chemical methods use chemical reactions to dissolve metals from PCB boards and integrated circuits, and then separate them through a series of separation and purification steps to obtain high-purity metals. For example, using acid leaching and alkali leaching to dissolve metals, and then separating them through electrolysis and precipitation. The recycling efficiency of chemical methods is high, and most metals can be recovered, but a large amount of wastewater and waste gas will be generated during the processing, which requires strict environmental protection measures to control. In order to promote the development of the recycling and processing industry for PCB boards and integrated circuits, governments, enterprises, and all sectors of society should play an active role. Governments should strengthen the formulation and implementation of relevant laws and regulations, regulate the recycling and processing market, and increase support for environmentally friendly recycling and processing enterprises. Enterprises should increase investment in technological research and development, improve the level of recycling and processing technology, and reduce processing costs and environmental pollution. At the same time, all sectors of society should also enhance environmental awareness and actively participate in the classification and recycling of electronic waste, forming a good atmosphere of joint participation by the whole society. The recycling and processing of PCB boards and integrated circuits is an important task. Through scientific and reasonable recycling and processing methods, we can turn electronic waste into a valuable resource, protect the environment, save resources, and contribute to sustainable development. Let's work together to embark on this green path and create a better future for our Earth home.